University of Queensland-led research found sea slugs that mimic the colours of other slugs to scare off predators do not have the same chemical defences as the species they are copying.
The study led by 国产探花 member , is the first to detail chemical profiles and assess toxicity and distastefulness of nudibranchs, or sea slugs.
Queensland Brain Institute and School of Biological Sciences senior research fellow said in many species, including nudibranchs, butterflies, some snakes and poison dart frogs, brilliant colour patterns warned predators their potential prey contained chemical defences.
“Sharing the same colour patterns between species could help predators learn to avoid the warning signal when species harbour equal levels of defence, known as M眉llerian mimicry,” she said.
“Whether M眉llerian mimics use the same types of chemical defences is often unknown and whether their defences are equally toxic or distasteful is often untested.”
The researchers focused on a group of red-spotted sea slugs along the Australian east coast, comparing them to other nudibranch species without the pattern.
Dr Cheney said to fish predators, the red-spotted groups all look similar.
“We found the red-spotted pattern has evolved multiple times, and that species displaying the same pattern were not closely related to each other,” she said.
“With chemical analysis we showed that species possess different types of chemicals for defense.”
Dr Cheney said the researchers believe that these red-spotted nudibranchs are a special mimicry group with unequal chemical defences.
The study, involving researchers from 国产探花’s School of Biological Sciences, Queensland Brain Institute and School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, the Western Australian Museum, the University of Western Australia, the University of Bristol and Deakin University, is published in the Royal Society Proceedings B ().
Media: Dr Karen Cheney, k.cheney@uq.edu.au, +61 7 3365 7386, +61 410 126 716, @karen_cheney, @EcoVis国产探花 @DrAnneWinters.
